La sociedad del emprendimiento
Keywords:
Sociedad del emprendimiento, Subjetividad contemporánea, Crítica cultural, Filosofía socialSynopsis
Este libro se inscribe en el territorio incierto donde la filosofía se cruza con la sociología de la subjetividad y la crítica cultural. La sociedad del emprendimiento describe una mutación antropológica: el paso del hombre productivo al hombre performativo, del trabajador al sujeto-proyecto, del creador al calculado.
La obra continúa una genealogía del poder que Michel Foucault solo alcanzó a vislumbrar: la transición de las disciplinas visibles al control invisible, de la coerción externa al gobierno del yo. Si el siglo XIX se organizó en torno al cuerpo dócil, el XXI se organiza en torno al alma dócil. La obediencia no se impone: se internaliza. La explotación ahora es voluntaria. El sujeto del emprendimiento es la figura más refinada de esa biopolítica espiritual.
Byung-Chul Han, en La sociedad del cansancio y Psicopolítica, diagnosticó el nacimiento de un sujeto que se devora a sí mismo en nombre de la libertad. Este libro prolonga ese diagnóstico en la dimensión del emprendimiento como religión secular. El emprendedor es el emblema teológico de la modernidad tardía: el creyente del rendimiento. Su dios no es trascendente, es motivacional. Su salvación se mide en métricas.
Frente a la negatividad reprimida (el límite, el fracaso, la duda), el mundo digital instaura la positividad total: comunicación constante, visibilidad sin sombra, optimización sin pausa. En esa transparencia coercitiva, el alma pierde espesor. El sujeto se convierte en dato, el deseo en algoritmo, la relación en interfaz. La inteligencia artificial, al asumir la tarea del cálculo, libera al individuo de la necesidad de pensar, pero también de la posibilidad de comprender.
La estructura de este libro obedece a esa conciencia fragmentaria. Pretende construir un mapa. Cada capítulo funciona como un espejo en el que el lector puede reconocer su propia fatiga. La forma aforística, heredera de Nietzsche y Benjamín, se ofrece como resistencia al discurso técnico: pensamiento que respira.
En este claustro ideológico Jean Baudrillard advirtió que la sociedad del consumo terminaría devorando sus propios signos. Hoy día, el emprendimiento devora su promesa. La libertad se convierte en obligación, la pasión en estrategia, la autenticidad en marketing. El sujeto no busca ya sobrevivir, necesita venderse. La identidad es sustituida por la visibilidad.
El pensamiento, despojado de su utilidad, vuelve a ser gesto de resistencia. Frente al exceso de positividad, pensar es detenerse; frente al flujo incesante, callar es crear.
La sociedad del emprendimiento no pretende un retorno nostálgico al pasado ni un rechazo romántico de la técnica. Su propuesta es más radical: aprender a habitar el mundo sin rendirse a su velocidad. Volver a una lentitud, sin que esto represente atraso, que en su lugar sea símbolo de unidad y de conciencia. Recuperar el silencio como espacio sacro político.
En la era posdigital, cuando el alma se transforma en algoritmo, la filosofía solo puede tener una tarea: recordar que no todo puede calcularse, que lo humano no se reduce a rendimiento, que el ser no es función.
Esta obra, por tanto, se dirige al emprendedor como espejo de todos nosotros. Porque en cada uno se libra la misma batalla: entre el deseo de producir y la necesidad de existir.
Y quizás el pensamiento (cuando vuelve a ser respiración, pausa, lentitud y observatio) sea la única forma de victoria posible.
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